The FTC report found that from 2017 to 2022, three PBMs—UnitedHealth Group's Optum, CVS Health's CVS Caremark and Cigna's Express Scripts—marked up prices at their pharmacies by hundreds or thousands ...
The markups helped the PBMs reap $7.3 billion from 2017 to 2022, the FTC found. The PBMs—owned by insurers Cigna, CVS Health and UnitedHealth Group—are supposed to help keep drug costs low for ...
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