Understanding instabilities and turbulence in plasmas is one of the key challenges across a wide range of plasma research fields, including nuclear fusion, astrophysics and laser-plasma physics. In ...

The Materials Research X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Facility at the University of Colorado Boulder provides cutting-edge capabilities for probing the structures of materials such as polymers, biological ...

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...

Polymers such as polypropylene are fundamental materials in the modern world, found in everything from computers to cars. Because of their ubiquity, it's vital that materials scientists know exactly ...

X-ray crystallography, like mass spectroscopy and nuclear spectroscopy, is an extremely useful material characterization technique that is unfortunately hard for amateurs to perform. The physical ...

The Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction Facility operates a Bruker D8 Quest diffractometer with sample operating temperatures of 90 to 300 K. Organic & inorganic crystals, organometallic compounds, ...

What is X-Ray Crystallography? X-ray crystallography is a powerful analytical technique used to determine the atomic and molecular structure of crystalline materials. It involves directing a beam of X ...

XRF relies on the ionization of atoms within a sample. When a sample is irradiated with high-energy x-rays, inner-shell electrons are ejected. As outer-shell electrons fall to fill these vacancies, ...

Diagram of an X-ray Reflectometry (XRR) setup: This schematic shows the arrangement of the X-ray tube, Gӧbel mirror, sample holder, and detector. The X-rays are emitted from the tube, shaped by slits ...