Supply chain is a network of facilities working together in different layers, along upstream to downstream, to provide high quality goods and services to customers. In traditional form of businesses, ...

This paper introduces a novel chaotic three-tier supply chain system (CSCS) that integrates both absolute function and sinusoidal nonlinearities into the classical Hamidzadeh model to enhance its ...

Over the past two decades, demand for vegetable oil has quadrupled, with palm oil leading the charge in quenching the world’s thirst for vegetable oil. Palm oil is highly prized for its diversity of ...