A dynamic equilibrium is formed in a reversible reaction when the rates of the forward and reverse reaction are equal and the amounts of the reactants and the products remains constant. In this ...
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Phase equilibrium calculations are central to understanding and modelling the behaviour of multi-component fluid systems under varying conditions of temperature, pressure, and composition. These ...
Here is the formula for hydrated copper(II) sulfate. Notice that water of crystallisation is separated from the main formula by a dot.