What causes a III/VI crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard at the right upper sternal border that peaks early in systole and does not change with handgrip? This is a describes the murmur of mild aortic ...

ALTHOUGH Fauvel, 1 in 1843, attributed the apical presystolic murmur to stenosis of the mitral valve, Duroziez's 2 description — "ffout-tata-rou" — in 1862 has been considered as the classic ...

Murmurs are characterized by their grade, pitch, timing in the cardiac cycle, change in intensity, quality, location heard best, and radiation. Systolic murmurs. Almost all systolic murmurs begin in ...

The cause of this murmur has been the subject of much speculation. A glance at the various explanations 9–20 and comments regarding the Flint murmur (Table 1) demonstrates that the etiology remains ...

A 35 year old female with no significant past medical history is 30 weeks pregnant. She presents to the ED with severe shortness of breath. Her blood pressure is 90/50, heart rate 120, respiratory ...