Learn how economists measure externalities using equilibrium models, cost assessments, and qualitative methods. Gain insight into real-world and theoretical impacts.

Marginal cost refers to the change in total cost arising from the production of one additional unit. For example, in a manufacturing firm, the marginal cost will give a measure of the change in total ...

Abatement costs have emerged as a key tool to drive the decarbonization of economies, reduce its cost, and to assess the efficiency of a technology, an investment or a public policy. But how far can ...